World Congress On Vascular Diseases, Medicine & Surgeons Summit October 24-25, 2016 Chicago, Illinois, USA

Any condition leading to deviate or cease from normal functioning of the blood vessels is called as vascular disease. Vascular disease includes condition that affects the circulatory system. Vascular disease ranges from diseases of the arteries, veins, and lymph vessels to blood disorders that affect circulation. Various factors contribute to different types of vascular diseases, factors such as family history, age, pregnancy, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption and co-morbidities. There are various kinds of vascular diseases like Myocardial infarction, Atherosclerosis, Mitral prolapse, stenosis, regurgitation, Angina pectoris, Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia, Ischemia, cancers etc. With each disease with its Individual and Specific etiology and pathophysiology; diagnosis plays an important role in determining the therapeutic approach to each disease. Mostly Vascular disease/circulatory system diseases are treated with minimally invasive surgeries; however they can be treated with specific/ targeted therapeutic approach if they are detected in early stages. The early stage detection of circulatory system disorders helps in reducing the rate of morbidity and mortality due to vascular diseases.

Trauma is generally defined as damage to a biological organism or organ caused by physical harm from external source. However, trauma can be of emotional and Psychological as a result of extraordinarily stressful events. Both the Physical and Psychological trauma can lead to the damage of blood vessels leading to vascular disorders. Detection of the cause of trauma plays a major role in opting the approaches for the treating the vascular disorders. 

Vascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability. However, it can be prevented by some early life style modifications. Proper diet, daily routine exercises, healthy habits contribute a lot towards the prevention of the vascular diseases. Patients should be encouraged to be engaged with the advised plan and strategies provided, which help them make lifestyle changes. More than 20% of Americans are hypertensive, and one-third of these Americans are not even aware they are hypertensive. Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction ("heart attacks") and stroke. The rate of occurrence of events related to vascular disease can be reduced to a very great extent by opting life style changes.

The blood vessels are complex network extending almost each and every part of the body. The circulatory system is a complicated network expanding to each and every part of the body. There are various kinds of circulatory system disorders like Myocardial infarction, Atherosclerosis, Mitral prolapse, stenosis, regurgitation, Angina pectoris, Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia, Ischemia, etc. With each disease with its Individual and Specific etiology and pathophysiology, diagnosis plays an important role in determining the therapeutic approach to each disease. Mostly disease of circulatory system are treated with invasive or minimally invasive surgeries, however they can be treated with specific/ targeted therapeutic approach if they are detected in early stages and prevent the rate the morbidity and mortality due to circulatory diseases.

Modern medicine is increasingly focused on integrating the results of basic scientific research and clinical research, translational medicine to provide improved patient care. This collaborative approach which is a two Way Street has proven very useful in various fields in cardio-vascular medicine. Translational Vascular Medicine: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment provides extensive information on new and exciting advances in such topics as surgery and non-pharmacological treatments for atherosclerotic disease of the aorta, pulmonary arterial hypertension, cytoprotective mechanisms in the vasculature, and the Broken Heart Syndrome. Translational medicine underpins vascular medicine. It is fundamental to understanding how we treat patients with vascular disease and more importantly, how to prevent it. It is the rationale for drug design and production. Vascular medicine and translational medicine will take over and become the main reason for referring patients to hospital. Therefore, hospital-based clinicians working with basic scientists need to know about translational medicine, which educates and informs them about vascular medicine and how management should be based.

Endovascular surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that uses advanced technology and instrumentation to treat such disorders of the circulatory system as blockage or damage to blood vessels caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries, a condition called atherosclerosis. The surgeon may recommend the placement of an endovascular stent, a small wire-mesh tube that surgeons call a scaffold, in an affected artery. The procedure may be done in conjunction with cleaning or repairing the artery. Endovascular therapy offers several distinct advantages over open surgical revascularization for selected lesions. Endovascular repair means fixing an injury to a blood vessel from inside that vessel. It is a better option for individuals who receive highly lethal injuries from falls or high-speed collisions or sport injuries and is shown to save more lives and nearly eliminate a complication of surgical repair for thoracic aortic aneurysms. The development of endovascular surgery has been accompanied by a gradual separation of vascular surgery from its origin in general surgery.

Vascular imaging plays an increasingly important role in modern medicine. Vascular Imaging techniques have improved significantly with a wide range of invasive and non-invasive modalities which are available to the clinicians. In order to provide the best therapy during the time of vascular damage/disorder a detailed examination is necessary which in turn depends on the diagnostic testing and Vascular imaging techniques used. Therefore vascular imaging and diagnostic testing plays a major role in the treatment of vascular disorders. Various types of vascular imaging techniques include Ultrasound and Doppler, Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nuclear Imaging, Intra Vascular Ultrasound, Power Doppler, Molecular Imaging, Duplex Ultra sound, Digital subtraction Angiography, Etc.

The approach for pediatric vascular disease varies to that of general approach. The challenges in pediatric population is due to characteristics of small, thin-walled vessels with poor tissue support and pronounced tendency for vasospasm in the setting of small intravascular volumes.  Decisions regarding operative management in the pediatric population must take into account vessel size and future growth potential, which may require future vascular revision. Special dosage adjustments and therapeutic drug monitoring is essential in during the pharmacotherapy of pediatric population in order to prevent long term complications. The optimal care of these patients frequently involves close collaboration between surgeons, interventional and conventional radiologists, medical subspecialists, and nurses.

Vascular surgery is the division of medicine specializing in treating the blood vessels of the body, with the exception of the vessels of the heart. Vascular surgeons may work to restore blood flow to an area of the body after trauma, disease or any other issue damages blood vessels. In severe cases of vascular disease, surgery is the only option to prevent prolonged morbidity and mortality. 

Various advancements and development are taking place in the field of vascular surgery as this specialty emerges to be an independent field. Coping up with latest trends and approaches in the field is essential and to provide a better patient care. Advances in Vascular Surgery bring the best current thinking from the preeminent practices in the field. A focus on the latest development and discoveries, new advancements in surgery, ways to solve difficult clinical problems and use of latest technologies applicable in the filed provides a better management in the vascular surgery care. 

Vascular bleeding disorders result from defects in blood vessels, typically causing petechiae, purpura, and bruising but, except for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, seldom leading to serious blood loss. Bleeding may result from deficiencies of vascular and perivascular collagen in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and in other rare hereditary connective tissue disorders; eg, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, osteogenesis imperfecta, Marfan syndrome. Hemorrhage may be a prominent feature of scurvy or of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, a hypersensitivity vasculitis common during childhood. In vascular bleeding disorders, tests of hemostasis are usually normal. 

Vascular Oncology is defined as cancer of the blood vessels. A vascular tissue neoplasm is a tumor arising from endothelial cells, the cells that line the wall of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, as well as the heart. Vascular-Targeted Therapies in Oncology provides an interesting insight to the current status and future potential of vascular-disrupting approaches in cancer management. Emphasis is placed on target development, preclinical assessment, and the use of such targeted approaches in combination with conventional treatment regimens and the current clinical status of these therapies.